Magnetic loading for twin conductors



April 1; 1 930. W. HARRISON 1,752,556

' I MAGNETIC LOADING FOR TWIN CONDUCTORS Filed' July 14 1925 muRE *zspsz 3 I! IN V EN TOR Patented Apr. 1, 1939 WALTON HARRISON,

OF NEV] YORK, N. Y.

MAGNETIC LOADING FQR TWIN CGNDUGTORS Application filed July 14,

My invention relates to magnetic loadings, my purpose being to improve the effectiveness of the magnetic loading used upon twin conductors, and to promote economy in the practical construction and operation of the loading of such conductors.

More particularly stated, I provide each of the twin conductors with a loading strip carried by and mounted in direct contact with the conductor, the strips being electrically insulated from each other but brought as close 1y as possible together, so that although an electric current energizing the conductors mustfiow throughout the entire length thereof, the magnetic flux of one loading strip can pass directly across to the other loading strip the arrangement being such that whenever the conductors are energized by a current impulse, the loading strips are magnetized practically as a unit; the respective directions or" rotation of the magnetic flux in the twin loading strips being such that the respective magnetic effects of the two separate loading st ips, considered as either acting upon, or acted upon by, the current impulse flowing through the twin conductors, are always added together in arithmetical ratio.

Reference is mace to the accompanying drawin forming a part of this specification, and in which like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the several figures.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective of a pair of twin conductors provided with my improved loading, certain parts of the structure being broken away.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary plan of one of the magnetic loading strips.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary plan of a strip of insulating material used in my device.

A pair of twin conductors appear at and 5, and are here shown conventionally as a pair of solid wires, made preferably of copper. They are so employed that a flow of current in either of two directions through one of the conductors is always accompanied by a flow of current in the opposite direction in the other conductor. They can be stranded. or laminated, this feature bein so old and 1923. Serial No. 651,572.

well known as to need no additional illustration or description.

I employ two strips 6 and 7 of magnetic material, each extending continuously in the direction of the line, and so slotted as to be provid d with fingers 8 integral with it, as indicated in Figure 2. The two strips 6 and 7 are exactly alike. The strip 6 is brought into direct metallic contact with the conductor 1, and so formed upon the same that the fingers 8 are bent around the conductor, the plane portion of the strip remaining fiat, as may be understood from Figure 1. The strip 7 is similarly applied to the conductor 5, the fingers 9 of this strip being bent around this conductor.

A strip 10 of insulating material is sandwiched between the flat portions of the two strips 6 and 7 of magnetic material, and is provided with portions 11 and 12 which are formed or bent around the periphery of the fingers 8 and 9. The cross section of the strips of insulating material, after all of the parts are in position as indicated in Figure 1, is of substantially S-shape.

A covering 13, made oi": insulating material and preferably in the form of a continuous tubing, envelops the various other parts, as indicated in Figure 1.

It will be noted that the two flat portions of the two loading strips extend parallel with each other and are relatively close together, being separated by merely a single thickness of the strip 10. The magnetic flux has no ditficulty in passing through this strip of insulating material, and more especially so since the two strips of magnetic material are located so closely together throughout a considerable area. In other words the two loading strips are so formed and arranged as to have each a good magnetic bearing upon the other, in order to facilitate the passage of the magnetic flux from one to the other.

It is desirable that each loading strip, or at least the fingers thereof. be fitted as closely as possible around the conductors. It is for this reason that the loading strips are placed in direct contact with the conductors. "While this is advantageous in renderin the loading more efi ective it has one drawack, in that a portion of each electric current impulse is diverted from the conductors and flows through the loading material. Upon this account, the loading material should have an ohmic resistance high as compared with the copper or other material 01 the conductors. The strips of loading material may be secured firmly and permanently upon the conductors, as by Welding, brazing, soldering or the like. Generally speaking, however, the loading strips will be sufiiciently stable if held upon the conductors by simply winding them around the conductors and thus forming them, or by clinching them, or by binding them in position by means of the strip of insulating material.

The principle underlying my invention can be understood from a careful study of Figure 1 Suppose that at a particular instant an electric current pulsation is passing through the twin conductors l, 5. It necessarily travels through them in opposite directions, because the circuit here contemplated is a metallic return circuit. It in such a circuit at any particular moment the flow of the electric current through the conductor 5 is in such direction that the rotation or" the magnetic flux around this conductor is clockwise according to Figure 1, the flow oi the electric current through the conductor a must necessarily be in such direction that the rotation of the magnetic flux around the conductor l is in a counter-clockwise direction. VVhenever a reversal takes place in the direction or" flow of the electric current, the direction of rotation of the magnetic flux is also reversed. The net result is, that although the two magnetic fields around the twin conductors always rotate simultaneously in opposite directions according to Figure 1, the separate efiects of the two magnetic fields in magnetizing the two loading strips are always added. That is, the tendency or the conductor l to magnetize or demagnetize the loading strip 6 is always added to the corresponding tendency or" the conductor 5 to magnetize or demagnetize the loading strip 7. Thus the two strips of magnetic material always act cumulatively and in concert. any particular instant, whatever is being done to one of these strips is being done to the other, and whatever one strip is doing the other is doing. They always act asa team; and their interrelation, both electric and magnetic, is about as thoroughas it can possibly be made.

The two strips of magnetic material actin great measure like a single strip, bent substantially into S-shape in cross section around the twin conductors.

v It will be noted thatthe twin conductors and their loading strips are held together by the strip 10 of insulatin material as well as by the tubular covering 13. Thus the various f' parts are held quite firmly against displacement, and the entire structure has the general form of a cord with twin conductors.

As a loading material for the strips 6 and I may use either iron or steel, preferably although not necessarily unann aled, or magnetic alloys of the kind heretofore employed for loading. The strip 10 of insulating material may be made of paper, either alone or permeated with insulating material, or it may be made of hard rubber, celluloid, mica, or in fact any of the innumerable insulating substances known, and which may be found suitable for the purpose.

The loading contemplated by my invention is suitable for use upon telephone and telegraph lines and cables, whether overhead, underground or submarine, and is also well adapted for transmission of electric power, especially by means of currents of high frequency.

I do not limit myself to the precise construction shown, as variations may be made therein without departing from my invention, the scope of which is commensurate with my claims.

I claim:

1. The combination, with a pair of continuous twin conductors in which a flow or" current through one is accompanied by a similar how of current in the opposite direction through the other, oi a pair of twin loading strips made of magnetic material, one or" said loading strips being disposed adjacent each conductor and magnetized thereby, said loading strips being electrically insulated from each other and located suliiciently near each other to permit the passage of magnetic flux from one of said loading strips to the other.

2. The combination, with a pair oi continuous twin conduct rs in which a flow of current through one is accompanied by a similar flow of current in the opposite direction through the other, of a pair of continuous loading stripsmade of magnetic material, said loading strips being separate from each other and energized respectively by said conduct rs, each conductor and its loading strip being electrically insulated from the other conductor and its loading strip, the twin loading strips being located close together in order to facilitate the passage of magnetic fiuxfrom one of the strips.

to the other.

3. The combination, with pair of continuous twin conductors in which a flow of current through one is accompanied by a similar flow or" current in the opposite direction through the other, of a'pa-ir'of loading strips made of magnetic material, each loading strip encirclin one of said conductors and being in conductive electric communication therewith, each conductor and its loading strip being electrically insulated from. the other conductor and its loading strip, the

twin loading strips being in inductive magnetic communication with each other.

4. The combination of a pair of twin conductors and a pair of twin loading strips each encircling one of said conductors and provided with a protruding portion, each conductor being in direct contact with its strip being insulated from the other conductor and its strip, the protruding portion of one of said twin strips extending into close proximity to the protruding portion of the other of said twin strips in order to facilitate the passage of magnetic flux therebetween.

5. The combination of a pair of continuous twin conductors in which a flow of current through one is accompanied by a similar flow of current in the opposit direction through the other, and a pair of metallic loading strips one encircling each conductor and in direct contact therewith, said loading strips being electrically insulated from each other and so near together as to permit the passage of magnetic flux from one to the other.

6. The combination of a pair 0t continuous metallic twin conductors in which a flow of current through one is accompanied by a similar flow of current in the opposite direction through the other and a pair of continuous metallic members of loading material one -for each of said conductors, each conductor with its member of loading material being insulated from th other conductor with its member of loading material, each member of loading material being provided with a flat portion, the flat portion of one of said members extending substantially parallel to the flat portion of the other of said members, in order to facilitate the interchange of magnetic flux as between said members of loading material.

7. In a device of the character described the combination of a pair of twin concuctors adapted to be energized by electric currents flowing in opposite directions and a loading common to both of said conductors and made of two separate loading members carried respectively by said conductors, each conductor being in conductive electrical communication with its loading member and being insulated from the other conductor with its loading member, one of said loading members being provided with a protruding portion extending toward the other loading member in order to facilitate the interchange of magnetic flux as between said loading members.

8. The combination of a pair of continuous twin conductors extending parallel with each other, and a pair of continuous twin strips of magnetic material carried by said conductors respectively, each strip of loading material encircling and mounted directly upon the conductor whereby it is carried, each conductor and itsstrip being electrically insulated from the other conductor and its strip and provided with a protruding portion, the two protruding portions of the twin strips extending parallel with each other and as closely together as is consistent with their insulation from each other.

9. The combination of a pair of continuous twin conductors extending parallel with each other and a pair of continuous twin strips of magnetic loading material carried by said conductors respectively, each strip being provided with fingers of magnetic loading material encircling the conductor, each conductor and its strip being electrically insulated from the other conductor and its strip and being provided with a flat protruding portion, the respective flat protruding portions of the twin strips extending parallel to each other in order to facilitate the interchange of magnetic flux as between the twin strips, and an insulating member of sheet material sandwiched between said flat protruding portions.

10. The combination of a pair of continuous twin conductors extending parallel with each other and a pair of continuous twin strips of magnetic loading material carried by said conductors respectively, each strip of loading material encircling and being mount ed directly upon the surface of the conductor whereby it is carried and being provided with fiat protruding portion, the respective flatprotruding portions of the twin strips extendin g parallel to each other in order to facilitate the interchange of magnetic flux as between the twin strips, and a continuous strip of insulating sheet material sandwiched between said flat protruding portions, and extending in opposite directions peripherally around the respective twin conductors with their strips of magnetic loading material.

11. A transmission line having the proximate form of a continuous cord and comprising a pair of twin conductors and a pair of twin loading members each carried by one of said conductors and provided with a pro truding portion, the protruding portions extending into close proximity to each other, and a strip of insulating material extending between said protruding portions of said twin loading members, said strip of insulating material being provided with portions extending in opposite directions and each encircling one of said twin conductors and its loading member, and serving as a binder therefor.

12. The combination of a pair of twin conductors and a pair of twin loading strips, one disposed adjacent each conductor and magnetized thereby, said loading strips being mounted directly upon said twin conductors and electrically insulated from each other, said twin conductors together as a unit being of substantially 8-shape in cross section.

18. In a magnetically loaded transmission day of July, 1923.

line, the combination with a pair of continuous twin conductors in which a flow of current through one is accompanied by a fiow of current in the opposite direction through the other, of a twin loading common to both of said conductors and comprising a pair of continuous loading members each'carried by one of said conductors and in conductive communication therewith, each conductor with its loading member being electrically insulated from the other conductor with its loading member, the two loading members being sufficiently near each other to-be in magnetic communication with each other and so positioned relatively to the two conductors that the two conductors in magnetizing the two loading members, virtually merge their effects in magnetizing the twin loading as a whole.

14. In a magnetically loaded transmission line the combination of a pair of continuous twin conductors in which a flow of current through one is accompanied by a similar flow of current in the opposite direction through the other, and a pair of continuous magnetic twin loadings each carried by one of said conductors, said loadings being electrically insulated from each other, each loading throughout its entire length being magnetically in communication with the other loading. 15. In a transmission line the combination of a pair of twin conductors in which a flow of current through one is accompanied by a flow of similar current in the opposite direction through the other, and pair of continuous magnetic twin loadings each carried by one of said conductors and in direct conductive contact therewith, said loadings'being electrically insulated from each other, each loading throughout its entire length being magnetically in communication with the other leading.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 13th WVALTON HARRISON. 

